IT Education Guidance

Struts 1.x Struts Tiles Framework Example

In this example we declare the “TilesPlugin” plug-in class in the struts configuration file.

<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesPlugin">

<set-property property="definitions-config" value="/WEB-INF/config/tiles-defs.xml" />

</plug-in>

We need to defines the tiles mapping on the tiles-defs.xml.

In this example you will find out below tiles and jsp tags.

</definition>

</definition>

<tiles:insert attribute="body"></tiles:insert>

<jsp:include page="footer.jsp"></jsp:include>

Step - 1.0 Create Directory Structure

Create the folder structure and add struts libraries under the lib folder which is inside the WEB-INF.

If plan to call the tld from the project itself then add the tlds to the WEB-INF.

Step - 2.0 Create Action Form

Create a java class called “LoginForm .java” by extending struts Action Form. This is use to hold the data later. Also this example we use the form validation by using ActionErrors validate() method.

package com.form;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessage;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessages;

public class LoginForm extends ActionForm implements Serializable {

/**

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private String username;

private String password;

private String hiddenpassword;

//TODO generate getter and setter methods ...

public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request){

ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();

if(null == getUsername() || getUsername().compareToIgnoreCase("") == 0){

ActionMessages messages = new ActionMessages();

messages.add("display.error.username", new ActionMessage("error.username.required"));

errors.add(messages);

}

if(null == getPassword() || getPassword().compareToIgnoreCase("") == 0){

ActionMessages messages = new ActionMessages();

messages.add("display.error.password", new ActionMessage("error.password.required"));

errors.add(messages);

}

return errors;

}

public void resert(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request){

this.username = "";

this.password = "";

}

Step - 3.0 Create Action Class

Create a class called “LoginAction .java” by extending the Action.

package com.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class LoginAction extends Action {

public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,

HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{

return mapping.findForward("success");

}

Step - 4.0 Create JSP view page

Create jsp called “main.jsp” and “mainDetails.jsp”. Other than that create a resource file to call the property values ( common.properties ) and create a css files to call the styles ( myStyles.css ).

4.1 main.jsp -

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/tld/struts-html.tld" prefix="html"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>title</title>

</head>

<body>

<jsp:include page="header.jsp"></jsp:include>

</div>

<tiles:insert attribute="body"></tiles:insert>

</div>

<jsp:include page="footer.jsp"></jsp:include>

</div>

</body>

</html>

4.2 header.jsp -

<div align="center"><img src="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/images/index.jpeg" border="0" height="180" width="180" align="left"/></div>

</div>

<div align="right"><h2>Skilled Migrant Category</h2></div>

<div align="right"><h3>User Application System</h3></div>

</div>

<div align="right" class="h3font">Guide / User Registration Form</div>

<div align="right" class="h3font">255 A, Main Street, Colombo 01, Sri Lanka</div>

</div>

4.3 header.jsp -

<h5>  For further information on immigration visit www.immigrationsrilanka.com</h5>

</div>

4.4 login.jsp -

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/tld/struts-html.tld" prefix="html"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Login Page</title>

</head>

<body>

<html:form action="/Login">

<html:hidden property="hiddenpassword" value="adminSanjeeva"/>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<html:errors property="display.error.username"/><br>

<html:errors property="display.error.password"/>

</div>

</div>

</html:form>

</body>

</html>

4.5 login.jsp -

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>

<h4>  Welcome <bean:write name="LoginForm" property="username"/></h4><br>

   The Administrator Login Name is <bean:write name="LoginForm" property="hiddenpassword" />

</div>

4.6 common.properties -

#common module error message

error.username.required = Name is required.

error.password.required = Password is required.

#common module label message

label.userlogin = Login Page

label.username = UserName

label.password = Password

label.button.submit = Submit

label.button.reset = Reset

#title label

title.key = Welcome

4.7 myStyles.css -

body{

font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px;

}

.mainbody{

background-color: aqua; font-size: 12px;

}

.divHeaderTable{

width: 50%; padding-bottom:5px; display:block;

}

.divHeaderRow{

width: 50%; display:block; height:105px;

}

.divHeaderColumn{

float: left; width: 33%; display:block;

}

.divTable{

width: 50%; display:block; padding-top:10px;

padding-bottom:10px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px;

}

.divRow{

width: 100%; display:block; padding-bottom:5px;

}

.divColumn{

float: left; width: 50%; display:block;

}

.columnTopPadding{

padding-top: 10px;

}

.divOuterTable{

width: 80%; display:block; padding-top:10px;

padding-bottom:10px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px;

}

.divOuterRow{

width: 100%; display:block; padding-bottom:5px;

}

.divOuterColumn{

float: left; width: 100%;

}

.h3font{

font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; color: gray;

}

.errorfont{

font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; color: red;

}

Step - 5.0 Create struts-config.xml

Create a struts-config.xml file for the Struts configuration details, and put it into the WEB-INF/config folder.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN"

"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">

<struts-config>

<form-beans>

<form-bean name="LoginForm" type="com.form.LoginForm"/>

</form-beans>

<action-mappings>

<action path="/LoginPage"

type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"

parameter="login.page"/>

<action path="/Login" type="com.action.LoginAction" name="LoginForm"

validate="true" input="login.page">

</action>

</action-mappings>

<message-resources parameter="com.resource.common"/>

<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesPlugin">

<set-property property="definitions-config" value="/WEB-INF/config/tiles-defs.xml" />

</plug-in>

</struts-config>

Step - 6.0 Create tiles-defs.xml

Create a tiles-defs.xml file for the tiles definitions details, and put it into the WEB-INF/config folder.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 1.3//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_1_3.dtd">

<tiles-definitions>

</definition>

</definition>

</definition>

</tiles-definitions>

Step - 7.0 The web application deployment descriptor ( web.xml )

In web.xml file, configure the Struts ActionServlet instance and map it with url-pattern “*.do”, so that the container is aware of all the “*.do” pattern will redirect to Struts ActionServlet.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<display-name>WebFormComponenetExample</display-name>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>

org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet

</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/struts-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

Step - 8.0 Run the application on server and out put will be

http://localhost:8080/StrutsTilesFrameworkExample/LoginPage.do

After Validate -

Welcome Page

IT Education Guidance - Struts

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Thursday, August 22, 2013

Struts 1.x Struts Tiles Framework Example